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Tema Artikel : Broadcasting and Translation
Ade Rinanda Sukma
1001122003
The concentration
subjects learned in English Department
State Polytechnics
of Padang
Have
you ever known about State Polytechnics of Padang? Then, do you know what are
the majors provided there? Well, I would like to explain it one by one,
especially about my major, English Department. State Polytechnics of Padang has
seven majors. Those are Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical
Engineering, Technology and Information, Accounting, Business Administration,
and English Department. English Department is the new major in State
Polytechnics of Padang. It has been opened since 2009. English Department
students are required to not only be able in using English as the second language,
but also in other fields. So, English Department provides two main
concentrations for its students, those are broadcasting and translation. Both
of them are quiet important nowadays in order to encounter the global era
competition. Then, what really are them? I will elaborate it to you.
First
of all, I would like to elaborate you about translation. Translation is an
activity that translating some texts from the source language (we know it as
SL) to the target language (TL). Translating the text from SL to TL is not
enough. It’s because we have to make the relationship among them. It means that
we have to have more knowledge about the text that we would like to translate
before translating it. Before I am going to explain you about the real process
of translation, I would like to tell you about some ways of translating the
text. There are seven ways that we can use in translating the text. Those are
words-by-words translation, literal translation, faithful translation, semantic
translation, free translation, idiomatic translation, and communicative
translation. Words-by-words translation is a process of translating the text
based on the words used. This way is the easiest way. It’s because we can
search the meaning of the words in dictionary directly then, translating it
into the TL. It means that this way doesn’t consider about the context of the
source text. This way should be done only in the beginning of translation
process (pre-translating). We may not use it to translate the whole text. If we
do that, our translation will be worse. Next, literal translation is a process
of translating the text, which is almost the same with words-by-words
translation in its process but, in this way we can modify the words. For
example, there is a sentence in English “It’s raining cats and dogs”. If we
translate it into Bahasa, it can be “Hujan kucing dan anjing” in words-by-words
translation. In literal translation, we can change it like “Anjing dan Kucing
tidak dapat berjatuhan dari langit” but, it still doesn’t have any meaning,
right? That’s why we can only use this way in the beginning, too. It is the
same with words-by-words translation.
Next,
faithful translation is a process of translating the text based on the
grammatical. It doesn’t consider about the culture or anything. The result of
the translation done by this way is so rigid and strange for us. Well, I would
like to continue elaborating the ways of doing translation. Semantic
translation is more flexible than faithful translation. It’s because semantic
translation still considers about esthetic value. For example, I got a sentence
“He is a book-worm”. In semantic translation, I can translate it like “Dia
seorang kutu buku”. I can’t translate it like “Dia seorang cacing buku”, right?
It consists of esthetic. After talking about semantic translation, I am going
to elaborate you about free translation. In this way, a translator can
translate any text freely. It doesn’t mean that he/she can translate the text
as he/she wants. The most important thing in this way is keeping the message
delivered to the readers well. Although the source text is only written in
short sentences, we can translate it into long sentences in target language.
Next, I am going to explain about idiomatic translation. This method is used to
deliver the message in source text. This method often uses the easy words,
which are used in daily life. The last
one is communicative translation. This way is the perfect way of translating
the text. It’s because it uses the familiar and communicative words. So, the
readers can understand the messages that want to be delivered by the writer
from source language.
Translation
is a complete job. It’s because there are some processes that we have to do
three steps at least. Firstly, we have to do analysis. Analysis means that we
have to analyze the text whether the text is about law, engineering, or etc.
Secondly, we have to translate it well. In this step, we have to follow the
rule that I have told you before. That is learning more first then searching
some theories relate, and translate it. Thirdly, we have to edit it before
giving to our boss or customer. In this case, we are required to edit it well.
We have to pay attention to each word used, grammatical errors, writing errors,
some symbols used, and everything, which is very important in order to make our
translation can be better. For example I would like to translate the text about
the law in English. So, I may not translate it directly. I am required to learn
more theories about law first. I have to find the suitable words used, I have
to find some terms relate to the law, I have to find some references about that
then, finally I can translate it.
Some people
said that translation is an easy job but, the others said that is the difficult
job. Firstly, I would like to explain about the reason said by some people who
said that translation is an easy job. They believe that it is easy because it
can do anywhere and anytime. We don’t have to go to the office every
morning. They are only required to
translate the text as well as possible and give the result as soon as possible
to the customers. Secondly, I would like to explain about the reason said by
some people who said that translation is a difficult job. They believe that it
is difficult because translating the text is wasting their time. They have to
find the suitable words before using it. The most important reason that they
said is translating is a monotonous job. They can’t explore them-selves if they
are being translator. In this case, I believe that everything depends on
our-selves, right?
In
addition, I would like to tell you that there are two major kinds of
translator. They are free-translator and sworn translator. Free translator is
someone who doesn’t have any company to work. It means that they can accept any
jobs from many companies. Then, sworn translator is someone who is working in
an institution or board, which is related to some legal documents. They must do
a sworn before translating the documents. Those all is about translation. Now,
I am going to the next elaboration.
Secondly,
I would like to elaborate you about broadcasting. What is on your mind if you hear about
broadcasting? I believe that you will imagine about radio broadcaster or news
reader, don’t you? Both of them are right but, those are just a little parts of
broadcasting. Here, I would like to elaborate you what really broadcasting it
is. In my opinion, broadcasting is a broad activity, which is not only focus on
radio broadcaster or newsreader, but also everyone involved there like editor,
script writer, director, producer, and etc. The main purpose of broadcasting is
to deliver the messages well to the audiences. It’s like the same with the
purpose of translation but in fact, both of them are different. In translation,
the messages is only delivered in a writing while in broadcasting, the message
is delivered in audio or audio-visual. Now, I can give you the complete definition
about broadcasting. Broadcasting is a process of delivering the messages to the
audiences or listener by using audio or audio-visual media. In broadcasting, we
are not only learning about how to be a good radio broadcaster or how to be the
best newsreader but, we also learn about
editing, arranging the schedule, writing the best script, making film, making
mini-features, making feature, making advertisements, setting our voice, and
everything that some people never wondered about that. It means that we can be
a director, broadcaster, producer, writer, and etc.
Broadcasting
has two main types. Those are broadcasting in television and broadcasting in
radio. Before I am going to explain them both, I would like to explain four
aspects involved in this activity. First of all is culture. By having a
broadcast station in an area, the cultures can be kept and developed well. Why
did I say like that? It’s because in broadcasting, we can show some cultures in
our area. So, the local cultures in our residence can be kept. We can imagine
if there is no media whether radio or television in our environment, what are
the other ways of keeping our cultures? Can it be known by the other people
abroad without watching or listen it in television or radio? I don’t think so. For
example the recently event held in our area, which is Dragon Boat. I believe
that media is giving more contribution in order to make this event can be success.
Next, there is a social aspect that is supported by broadcasting. The social
aspect here means that the aspiration and the opinion of the society can be
delivered freely. For example, there is news about suspect of corruptor. Then,
the society can deliver what is on their mind directly in radio or television
whether they are disappointed by her/him, they are angry, or they support them,
and many others. The next aspect is the economical aspect. It’s quite
interesting if we talk about economy, right? I believe that broadcasting can
help the economy of many people especially the seller. Don’t you agree with me?
I think so. It’s because television or radio can help them to promote their
products to the society. So that, the society knows about their product then,
they buy it. The last aspect is the political aspect. In this case, the media
can also help some people to do the political action. It’s not only bout some
people but also for some institution.
Both of
them are not the same. Well, I would like to explain it one by one. Broadcasting
in radio is a process of delivering the messages by using the audio media.
There are some tools needed in this process. Those are PC (to set up the schedule),
microphone (in order to make the voice louder), telephone (it is necessary if
we would like to ask the opinion from the listeners), and the most important
thing that should be prepared is delivering station and of course a studio.
Without delivering station, the listeners can not listen any information from
the radio broadcaster, isn’t it? Then, I would like to explain about
broadcasting in television. Broadcasting in television is quite difficult than
broadcasting in radio. It’s because we need so many tools. Those are video
camera (to record), the microphone (to make the voice louder), PC (to edit the
result of recording), television, and of course the delivering station.
Broadcasting in television is the complex process of broadcasting. Why do I say
like that? It’s because there are some steps that we should follow. Firstly, we
have to do the recording. After recording, we have to do the editing process.
In editing process, we are required to make sure whether the voice of recording
can be listened well or the video taken can be watched clearly. The next process
is finishing. In this process, we have to check anything from our video. If it
is necessary to do dunning, we can do dubbing voice here.
By
elaborating those two things, we can compare each others. Firstly, I am going
to compare it from its strength of each. When we listen the information in
television, we can see who the person is directly while in radio we can know
the information directly without doing many preparations because we only need
the telephone or cell-phone and delivering station. Secondly, I am going to
compare it from its weakness. Television can’t deliver the information as fast
as radio because television needs to prepare some heavy tools like video camera
but, radio can’t show the person. In conclusion of elaborating them, I believe
that we should listen to both of those media. It’s because each of them has the
strength and weakness.
Being an English debater shapes her writing much better. Excellent!
BalasHapus